Climate change impacts on the reliability of hydroelectric energy production
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper presents the assessment of climate change impacts on some critical water management issues such as reservoir storage and hydroelectric production. Two equilibrium scenarios (UK Meteorological Office High Resolution model, UKHI and Canadian Climate Centre model, CCC) referring to years 2020, 2050 and 2100 and one transient scenario (UK High Resolution Transient output, UKTR) referring to years 2032 and 2080 were applied to represent both "greenhouse" warming and induced changes in precipitation and potential évapotranspiration. By using these scenarios, the sensitivity of the risk associated with the annual hydroelectric energy production of a large multipurpose reservoir in northern Greece has been evaluated under conditions of altered runoff. It is shown that the operational characteristics of the reservoir designed and operated under current climatic conditions are, in general, affected by the climate change scenarios examined. Increases of the risks associated with the annual quantities of energy production have been observed, particularly under the UKHI and die UKTR scenarios. For the UKHI scenario, increases of reservoir storage volumes of up to about 12% and 38% are required in order to maintain at current risk levels the minimum and mean annual energy yields respectively, while for the UKTR scenario the corresponding increases are estimated to be about 25% and 50%. Impacts du changement climatique sur la production d'énergie hydroélectrique Résumé Cet article présente une évaluation des impacts du changement climatique sur quelques aspects critiques de la gestion des ressources en eau, comme le stockage d'eau dans les réservoirs et la production hydroélectrique. On a appliqué deux scénarios d'équilibre (UKHI, CCC) relatifs aux années 2020, 2050 et 2100 et un scénario transitoire (UKTR) relatif aux années 2032 et 2080 afin de représenter le réchauffement du à F "effet de serre" et les modifications correspondantes des précipitations et de l'évapotranspiration. Ces scénarios nous ont permis d'évaluer la sensibilité du risque associé à la production annuelle d'énergie hydroélectrique d'un grand réservoir à buts multiples situé en Grèce du Nord lorsque le régime d'écoulement est altéré. Nous avons démontré que les caractéristiques opérationnelles du réservoir qui a été dimensionné et est géré en fonction des conditions climatiques actuelles, sont en général influencées par les scénarios de changements climatiques examinés. On a observé, en particulier pour les scénarios UKHI et UKTR, une augmentation du risque associé à la production annuelle d'énergie. En ce qui concerne le scénario UKHI, des augmentations de près de 12 et 38 % du volume de stockage seraient nécessaires afin de maintenir la production d'énergie, respectivement minimale et moyenne, et le risque tolerable associé aux niveaux actuels, alors que pour le scénario UKTR les augmentations correspondantes ont été estimées à 25 et 50 %.
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